Arrow#

Qualified name: manim.mobject.geometry.line.Arrow

class Arrow(*args, stroke_width=6, buff=0.25, max_tip_length_to_length_ratio=0.25, max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio=5, **kwargs)[source]#

Bases: Line

An arrow.

Parameters:

  • args – Arguments to be passed to Line.

  • stroke_width (float) – The thickness of the arrow. Influenced by max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio.

  • buff (float) – The distance of the arrow from its start and end points.

  • max_tip_length_to_length_ratio (float) – tip_length scales with the length of the arrow. Increasing this ratio raises the max value of tip_length.

  • max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio (float) – stroke_width scales with the length of the arrow. Increasing this ratio ratios the max value of stroke_width.

  • kwargs – Additional arguments to be passed to Line.

See also

ArrowTip CurvedArrow

Examples

Example: ArrowExample

../_images/ArrowExample-1.png 
from manim import *

from manim.mobject.geometry.tips import ArrowSquareTip
class ArrowExample(Scene):
    def construct(self):
        arrow_1 = Arrow(start=RIGHT, end=LEFT, color=GOLD)
        arrow_2 = Arrow(start=RIGHT, end=LEFT, color=GOLD, tip_shape=ArrowSquareTip).shift(DOWN)
        g1 = Group(arrow_1, arrow_2)

        # the effect of buff
        square = Square(color=MAROON_A)
        arrow_3 = Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT)
        arrow_4 = Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, buff=0).next_to(arrow_1, UP)
        g2 = Group(arrow_3, arrow_4, square)

        # a shorter arrow has a shorter tip and smaller stroke width
        arrow_5 = Arrow(start=ORIGIN, end=config.top).shift(LEFT * 4)
        arrow_6 = Arrow(start=config.top + DOWN, end=config.top).shift(LEFT * 3)
        g3 = Group(arrow_5, arrow_6)

        self.add(Group(g1, g2, g3).arrange(buff=2))

from manim.mobject.geometry.tips import ArrowSquareTip
class ArrowExample(Scene):
    def construct(self):
        arrow_1 = Arrow(start=RIGHT, end=LEFT, color=GOLD)
        arrow_2 = Arrow(start=RIGHT, end=LEFT, color=GOLD, tip_shape=ArrowSquareTip).shift(DOWN)
        g1 = Group(arrow_1, arrow_2)

        # the effect of buff
        square = Square(color=MAROON_A)
        arrow_3 = Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT)
        arrow_4 = Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, buff=0).next_to(arrow_1, UP)
        g2 = Group(arrow_3, arrow_4, square)

        # a shorter arrow has a shorter tip and smaller stroke width
        arrow_5 = Arrow(start=ORIGIN, end=config.top).shift(LEFT * 4)
        arrow_6 = Arrow(start=config.top + DOWN, end=config.top).shift(LEFT * 3)
        g3 = Group(arrow_5, arrow_6)

        self.add(Group(g1, g2, g3).arrange(buff=2))

Example: ArrowExample

../_images/ArrowExample-2.png 
from manim import *

class ArrowExample(Scene):
    def construct(self):
        left_group = VGroup()
        # As buff increases, the size of the arrow decreases.
        for buff in np.arange(0, 2.2, 0.45):
            left_group += Arrow(buff=buff, start=2 * LEFT, end=2 * RIGHT)
        # Required to arrange arrows.
        left_group.arrange(DOWN)
        left_group.move_to(4 * LEFT)

        middle_group = VGroup()
        # As max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio gets bigger,
        # the width of stroke increases.
        for i in np.arange(0, 5, 0.5):
            middle_group += Arrow(max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio=i)
        middle_group.arrange(DOWN)

        UR_group = VGroup()
        # As max_tip_length_to_length_ratio increases,
        # the length of the tip increases.
        for i in np.arange(0, 0.3, 0.1):
            UR_group += Arrow(max_tip_length_to_length_ratio=i)
        UR_group.arrange(DOWN)
        UR_group.move_to(4 * RIGHT + 2 * UP)

        DR_group = VGroup()
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=BLUE, tip_shape=ArrowSquareTip)
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=BLUE, tip_shape=ArrowSquareFilledTip)
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=YELLOW, tip_shape=ArrowCircleTip)
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=YELLOW, tip_shape=ArrowCircleFilledTip)
        DR_group.arrange(DOWN)
        DR_group.move_to(4 * RIGHT + 2 * DOWN)

        self.add(left_group, middle_group, UR_group, DR_group)

class ArrowExample(Scene):
    def construct(self):
        left_group = VGroup()
        # As buff increases, the size of the arrow decreases.
        for buff in np.arange(0, 2.2, 0.45):
            left_group += Arrow(buff=buff, start=2 * LEFT, end=2 * RIGHT)
        # Required to arrange arrows.
        left_group.arrange(DOWN)
        left_group.move_to(4 * LEFT)

        middle_group = VGroup()
        # As max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio gets bigger,
        # the width of stroke increases.
        for i in np.arange(0, 5, 0.5):
            middle_group += Arrow(max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio=i)
        middle_group.arrange(DOWN)

        UR_group = VGroup()
        # As max_tip_length_to_length_ratio increases,
        # the length of the tip increases.
        for i in np.arange(0, 0.3, 0.1):
            UR_group += Arrow(max_tip_length_to_length_ratio=i)
        UR_group.arrange(DOWN)
        UR_group.move_to(4 * RIGHT + 2 * UP)

        DR_group = VGroup()
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=BLUE, tip_shape=ArrowSquareTip)
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=BLUE, tip_shape=ArrowSquareFilledTip)
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=YELLOW, tip_shape=ArrowCircleTip)
        DR_group += Arrow(start=LEFT, end=RIGHT, color=YELLOW, tip_shape=ArrowCircleFilledTip)
        DR_group.arrange(DOWN)
        DR_group.move_to(4 * RIGHT + 2 * DOWN)

        self.add(left_group, middle_group, UR_group, DR_group)

Methods

get_default_tip_length

Returns the default tip_length of the arrow.

get_normal_vector

Returns the normal of a vector.

reset_normal_vector

Resets the normal of a vector

scale

Scale an arrow, but keep stroke width and arrow tip size fixed.

Attributes

animate

Used to animate the application of any method of self.

animation_overrides

color

depth

The depth of the mobject.

fill_color

If there are multiple colors (for gradient) this returns the first one

height

The height of the mobject.

n_points_per_curve

sheen_factor

stroke_color

width

The width of the mobject.
_original__init__(*args, stroke_width=6, buff=0.25, max_tip_length_to_length_ratio=0.25, max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio=5, **kwargs)#

Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.

Parameters:

  • stroke_width (float) –

  • buff (float) –

  • max_tip_length_to_length_ratio (float) –

  • max_stroke_width_to_length_ratio (float) –

Return type:

None

_set_stroke_width_from_length()[source]#

Sets stroke width based on length.

Return type:

Self

get_default_tip_length()[source]#

Returns the default tip_length of the arrow.

Examples

>>> Arrow().get_default_tip_length()
0.35
Return type:

float

get_normal_vector()[source]#

Returns the normal of a vector.

Examples

>>> np.round(Arrow().get_normal_vector()) + 0. # add 0. to avoid negative 0 in output
array([ 0.,  0., -1.])
Return type:

Vector

reset_normal_vector()[source]#

Resets the normal of a vector

Return type:

Self

scale(factor, scale_tips=False, **kwargs)[source]#

Scale an arrow, but keep stroke width and arrow tip size fixed.

See also

scale()

Examples

>>> arrow = Arrow(np.array([-1, -1, 0]), np.array([1, 1, 0]), buff=0)
>>> scaled_arrow = arrow.scale(2)
>>> np.round(scaled_arrow.get_start_and_end(), 8) + 0
array([[-2., -2.,  0.],
       [ 2.,  2.,  0.]])
>>> arrow.tip.length == scaled_arrow.tip.length
True

Manually scaling the object using the default method scale() does not have the same properties:

>>> new_arrow = Arrow(np.array([-1, -1, 0]), np.array([1, 1, 0]), buff=0)
>>> another_scaled_arrow = VMobject.scale(new_arrow, 2)
>>> another_scaled_arrow.tip.length == arrow.tip.length
False
Parameters:

  • factor (float) –

  • scale_tips (bool) –

Return type:

Self